Caption: A extraterrestrial map showing the locations of the nearest stars.

Features:

Original Caption: "An extraterrestrial map showing the location of every star within 14 light-years of the Sun. There are 32 known stars in this region, including the Sun. The stars are colored according to their spectral type which may NOT correspond to their observed color, either below or above the Earth's atmosphere. Some of the location and other information shown may be preliminary and NOT entirely accurate as a result. For more and possibly more accurate information on these nearest stars, see Wikipedia: List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs.
If a "star" is actually a multiple star system (e.g., a binary or a triple star system), then the component stars are shown stacked vertically: the actual position of the multiple star system is the "star" closest to the blue plane.
The stars on this extraterrestrial map may NOT all be visible to the naked eye as many are red dwarfs (i.e., M and K dwarfs).
The equatorial coordinate system (with equatorial coordinates right ascension (RA) and declination) is used. The RA hours (15° each) are marked and distances in multiples of 5 light-years are marked for the blue plane."
(Somewhat edited.)
The blue plane is the plane of the celestial equator, and therefore is all at zero declination.
Sirius (the Dog star) in constellation Canis Major and Procyon in constellation Canis Minor are the only really well known northern celestial hemisphere stars among the nearest stars.
Sirius is the brightest star in the sky and is to the southeast of constellation Orion---so anyone can find it.
The stellar parallaxes (determined for the standard baseline of 1 astronomical unit (AU)) and other quantities for some of the nearest stars are shown in Table: Nearest Stars below. Recall, we do NOT try to memorize the values in tables: we contemplate them while we look at them.
```
Table:  Nearest Stars

Name         Parallax       Distance    Spectral Type     Mass     Luminosity
             (arcseconds)   (parsecs)   /Luminosity Class (M_☉)    (L_☉)

Sun                         1/206265    G2 V                1        1
Proxima Cen      0.772      1.30        M5.5 V              0.107    8.2*10**(-4)
Alpha Cen A      0.747      1.34        G2 V                1.144    1.77
Alpha Cen B      0.747      1.34        K0 V                0.916    0.55
Barnard's star   0.547      1.83        M4.0 V              0.166    3.6*10**(-3)
Wolf 359         0.419      2.39        M6.0 V              0.092    3.5*10**(-4)
Lalande 21185    0.393      2.54        M2.0 V              0.464    0.023
*
*
Sirius A         0.380      2.63        A1 V                1.991   26.1
Sirius B         0.380      2.63        white dwarf         0.500    2.4*10**(-3)
*
*
Procyon A        0.286      3.50        F5 IV-V             1.569    7.73
Procyon B        0.286      3.50        white dwarf         0.500    5.5*10**(-4)
61 Cyni A        0.286      3.50        K5.0 V              0.703    0.16
61 Cyni b        0.286      3.50        K7.0 V              0.630    0.095 
```
Notes:
1. References: FK-A-6 for everything, except the luminosities; CK-A-4 for the luminosities. See also Wikipedia: List of Nearest Stars.
2. The asterisk indicate omissions of rather obscure little stars.
3. The nearest stars are often intrinsically quite dim and the overlap between Table: Nearest Stars and the stars in Wikipedia: List of brightest stars is NOT big. See also Table: Stars of Highest Apparent Brightness.
4. Distance (pc) = (1 AU)/[ parallax ('')]. 1 AU is the standard baseline for measurements of stellar parallax.
5. Listed stars and some others from the extraterrestrial map:

Credit/Permission: User:Inductiveload, 2008 / Public domain.
Image link: Wikipedia: File:Nearby Stars (14ly Radius).svg.
Local file: local link: star_table_nearest.html.
File: Star file: star_table_nearest.html.