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Table:  Stars of Highest Apparent Brightness
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Name         Bayer          Distance    Spectral Type     Relative Luminosity
             Designation    (parsecs)   /Luminosity       Visual   (L_☉)
                                        Class             Flux
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Sun                         1/206265    G2 V                         1
Sirius A      α CMa A       2.63        A1 V              1.000    26.1
Canopus       α Car        95.9         F0 II             0.470     1.4*10**4
Arcturus      α Boo        11.3         K1.5 III          0.278   190.
Alpha Cen A   α Cen A       1.34        G2 V              0.268     1.77
Vega          α Lyr         7.76        A0 V              0.258    61.9
Capella       α Aur        12.9         G5 III            0.247   180.
Rigel         β Ori A     237.          B8 Ia             0.225     7.0*10**5
Procyon A     α CMi A       3.50        F5 IV-V           0.184     7.73
Achernar      α Eri        44.1         B3 V              0.175     5.25*10**3
Betelgeuse    α Ori       131.          M1 Iab            0.175     4.1*10**4
Hadar         β Cen       161.          B1 III            0.151     8.6*10**4
Altair        α Aql        51.4         A7 V              0.132    11.8
Aldebaran     α Tau A      20.0         K5 III            0.119   370.
Spica         α Vir        80.4         B1 III-IV         0.108     2.5*10**4
Antares       α Sco A     185.          M1.5 Iab          0.100     3.7*10**4
Pollux        β Gem        10.          K0 IIIb           0.091    46.6
Fomalhaut     α Ps A        7.69        A3 V              0.090    18.9
Deneb         α Cyg       990.          A2 Ia             0.084     3.2*10**5
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Notes:

1. References: FK-A-7 for everything, except the luminosities and relative visual fluxes; CK-A-5 for the relative V or visual band light (effective wavelengh midpoint 5510 Å: yellow-green light) radiant fluxes, luminosities and some corrections. See also Wikipedia: List of Brightest Stars.
2. The Greek letters α, β, γ, etc. give the Bayer designation order of apparent brightness of the stars in a constellation. The Bayer designation order is frequently inaccurate.
3. The abbreviations in the Bayer designations are for the constellation in which the star is found: e.g., CMa stands for Canis Major.
4. The IAU 88 constellations are listed at Wikipedia: IAU designated constellations.
5. The upper case (AKA capital) A in the Bayer designation indicates, the star being considered is the primary star (i.e., the brighest star) of a binary or higher order multiple star system.
6. The relative visual radiant flux of Sirius is set to 1.
7. The human eye psychophysical response to V or visual band light (effective wavelengh midpoint 5510 Å: yellow-green light) scales very roughly like the logarithm of radiant flux. For this reason magnitudes (which are a logarithmic measure of radiant flux) are often presented rather than radiant flux or relative radiant flux. See Wikipedia: Magnitude (astronomy).
8. Listed stars: Achernar, Aldebaran, Alpha Centauri (AKA Α Centauri, binary Alpha Centauri AB) (Alpha Centauri A, Alpha Centauri B), Altair, Antares, Arcturus, Betelgeuse, Canopus, Capella, Deneb, Fomalhaut, Hadar, Pollux, Procyon (AKA &Alpha Canis Minoris, binary) (Procyon A, Procyon B (a white dwarf)), Rigel, Sirius (AKA α Canis Majoris, binary) (Sirius A Sirius B (a white dwarf)), Spica, Sun, Vega.