James Joule

    Caption: James Joule (1818-1889) was a 19th century scientist in the field of thermodynamics---and he was also a brewer---you can have a Joule's.

    Joule's experimental work was a key ingredient in the discovery of the conservation of energy which principle was first clearly declared by Hermann von Helmholtz (1821--1894) in 1847 (see Wikipedia: Hermann von Helmholtz: Mechanics).

    The Metric System unit of energy is named for Joule: the joule (J). By the by, the food calorie is an complicated definition:

    1 food calorie = 1000 thermochemical calorie 
                   = 4.184 kJ ≅ 4000 J.  

    It would be better if our food energy came in units of megajoules (MJ) since that is both a natural unit and a standard Metric System unit. The minimum food energy needed by a human per day is ∼ 7.5 MJ (see Wikipedia: Food energy: Recommended daily intake).

    By the by, there has always been some mystery about the pronunciation of the surname Joule and even Joule's contemporaries were uncertain about the pronunciation of his name. In fact, the mystery was even used in an advertisement for his beer: "However you pronounce it, it tastes great." (quoted from memory). Which mystery led yours truly to versification:

      The unit of energy is the joule
      and this rhymes with drool,
      but it should rhyme with bowel
      to be correct for James Joule.

    Also by the by, men tended to be furry in the 19th century---actually NOT an uncommon look in Moscow, Idaho.

    Credit/Permission: Henry Roscoe (1833--1915) from Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe, The Life & Experiences of Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe, 1906, Macmillan: London and New York, p. 120 plate (uploaded to Wikipedia by User:Astrochemist, 2007) / Public domain.
    Image link: Wikipedia: File:Joule James sitting.jpg.
    Local file: local link: james_joule.html.
    File: Physics file: james_joule.html.