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Caption:
Types of plasma
located on a log-log plot
of electron density
versus temperature.
The image may NOT be completely reliable or
yours truly is somehow reading it wrongly (see item 1 below).
Dots showing exactly where the types are located would be a good idea.
But whatever its deficiencies,
the log-log plot
does show the vast range of plasmas
in electron density
and temperature.
Features:
- Actually, the plot
seems to be unreliable:
- The central temperature of the
Sun is of order 10**7 K, NOT 10**8 K.
- I find it hard to believe that ordinary laser
plasmas are as hot as 3*10**6 K.
But then laser
atoms are NOT
in thermodynamic equilibrium
internally, and so maybe there is some special sense in which they reach 3*10**6 K.
- In the human environment,
metals
(ordinary metals NOT
astro metals)
are NOT at nearly 10**4 K.
Maybe
yours truly is somehow reading the
plot wrongly.
But if so anyone could read it wrongly.
In any case
cum grano salis.
- Why are
metals
(ordinary metals NOT
astro metals) on the
plot?
The free electrons
in a metal
(an ordinary metal NOT an
astro metal)
plus the ions fixed on their
crystal lattice
may be considered plasma.
- Temperature, among other things,
is an energy
parameter that controls
the
occupation number
of matter.
This explains why the temperature axis is
also given in
the energy units
electron-volts (eV).
- The conversion between
temperature
(considered as, is an energy
parameter)
in
kelvins
to temperature in
the energy unit
electron-volts (eV)
is given by the
formula
E = kT
= [8.6173324(78)*10**(-5) eV/K]*T
≅ [10**(-4) eV/K]*T ,
where k is
Boltzmann's constant
and
eV is electron-volt
which is a convenient
microscopic energy unit.
Note
1 eV
= [1.602176565(35)*10**(-19) coulombs]
*[1 Volt] .
Credit/Permission: User:Jafet.vixle,
2008
(uploaded to Wikimedia Commons
by User:Croquant,
2008) /
Public domain.
Image link: Wikimedia Commons:
File:Plasma scaling.svg.
Local file: local link: plasma_types.html.
File: Thermodynamics file:
plasma_types.html.