./map/nasa_mars_map_003_topo.jpg

    Caption: A Mercator projection topographic map of Mars showing elevation and the landing sites of the fully successful landers through 2005.

    There were been 8 successful or partially successful landers on Mars through 2010 (see Exploration of Mars: Timeline). The most famous landers and their landing sites are:

    1. Viking 1 lander (1975--1976jul20-landed--1982), Chyrse Planitia.
    2. Viking 2 lander (1975--1976sep03--1980), Utopia Planitia.
    3. Mars Pathfinder with rover Sojourner 1996--1997jul04--1997), Ares Vallis.
    4. Mars Exploration Rover Spirit (2003--2004jan04--2010), Gusev Crater. See NASA: Spirit Lands On Mars and Sends Postcards.
    5. Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity (2003--2004jan25--2018, Meridiani Planum. See NASA: NASA Hears From Opportunity Rover On Mars.

    Credit/Permission: NASA, JPL, before or circa 2005 / Public domain.
    Download site: NASA/JPL: Mars and the Final Four.
    Image link: Itself.
    Local file: local link: mars_map_topographic.html.
    File: Mars file: mars_map_topographic.html.