Caption: A figure from Northern Antiquities (1847), an English translation of the Prose Edda (c. 1300--c. 1600).
The figure is a 19th century attempt to illustrate the Norse cosmology: i.e., mythical cosmology of the Norsemen.
The world tree is Yggdrasil.
Many pre-spherical-Earth mythical cosmologies may have had a similar structure---a world tree was optional.
Credit/Permission:
Oluf Olufsen Bagge (1780--1836),
1847
(uploaded to Wikipedia
by User:Helios,
2006) /
Public domain.
Image link: Wikipedia.
File: Ancient Astronomy file:
cosmos_norse.html.