#FIG 3.2 Landscape Center Inches Letter 20.00 Single -2 1200 2 6 1200 4125 5625 6000 6 1200 4575 5475 6000 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 330 3300 1200 4905 emits a beta minus\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 2925 1200 5385 particle which is\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 4230 1200 5865 just a very fast electron.\001 -6 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 4365 1200 4425 On decay the carbon-14\001 -6 6 375 6600 5925 7950 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 4485 375 6900 Initially the beta minus is\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 4845 375 7380 dangerous to life because it\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 5490 375 7860 can destroy organic molecules.\001 -6 6 900 1350 5925 2700 3 0 0 1 0 7 100 0 -1 0.000 0 0 0 8 3450 2250 3450 2175 3525 2175 3525 2250 3600 2250 3600 2250 3675 2250 3750 2175 0.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 0.000 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 330 2400 1275 1650 A radioactive\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 4845 900 2550 with half-life = 6000 years\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 60 105 5775 2550 .\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 330 3390 1125 2100 carbon-14 nucleus\001 -6 1 3 0 1 0 7 100 0 -1 0.000 1 0.0000 3150 3375 474 474 3150 3375 3300 3825 1 3 0 1 0 7 100 0 -1 0.000 1 0.0000 10650 3375 503 503 10650 3375 10875 3825 1 3 0 1 0 7 100 0 0 0.000 1 0.0000 6300 7200 150 150 6300 7200 6300 7350 2 1 0 1 0 7 100 0 -1 0.000 0 0 -1 0 0 3 4275 3375 8925 3375 8025 2925 2 1 0 1 0 7 100 0 -1 0.000 0 0 -1 0 0 2 8025 3750 8925 3375 2 1 0 1 0 7 100 0 -1 0.000 0 0 -1 0 0 3 6300 3900 6300 6750 5700 5925 2 1 0 1 0 7 100 0 -1 0.000 0 0 -1 0 0 2 6300 6750 6975 5925 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 4080 8850 1275 to a stable nitrogen-14\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 330 4140 8775 1800 nucleus. Stable means\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 4275 8775 2700 change to anything else.\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 4065 8700 2250 it won't spontaneously\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 4215 7875 7050 The high kinetic energy\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 330 3570 7875 7530 of the beta minus is \001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 5220 7875 8010 distributed through collisions\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 330 4215 7875 8490 in dense environments.\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 4125 7800 9075 The distributed energy \001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 4335 7800 9555 becomes thermal energy\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 330 3480 7800 10035 of the environment.\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 1860 225 9600 DJ Jeffery\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 330 2265 225 10080 UNLV 2003\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 45 0.0000 4 615 8400 75 525 Decay of a Carbon-14 Nucleus\001 4 0 0 100 0 0 30 0.0000 4 390 4035 8700 825 The carbon-14 decays\001