Aristarchos of Samos (circa 3rd century BC)
The first proposer of the heliocentric solar system.
Pretty much all that is known about him is detailed in the
article by Wall:
Wall, B. E. 1975, ``Anatomy of a Precursor: The Historiography
of Aristarchos of Samos'' in Studies in History and
Philosophy of Science 6, 201 (Wa).
Aristarchos should really have explained his ideas in a book and
made them an unignorable hypothesis.
But he didn't do this and so remains the dark star of Greek science.
Sites
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Ptolemy The University of St. Andrews Biographies of Mathematicians
and Astronomers.
Images
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Aristarchos of Samos (3rd century BC).